Multiplexer

(This article is only for education purposes about Factory and Industrial Automation engineering. All references are shown below at the end of the article.)

A multiplexer is a device that chooses amongst several input signals; it is frequently just called a "mux." It will have one output, one input control, and two signal inputs in its most basic configuration. According to another definition, a multiplexer is a combinational circuit that relies on control or select inputs and has numerous data inputs and a single output.

There are different types of mux but the major types of mux are:
1. 2:1 Mux
2. 4:1 Mux

But in here i only show you how 2:1 Mux works because 4:1 Mux has similar function but more inputs than 2:1 Mux. Nevertheless, i will explain about that.

2:1 Mux

A basic circuit called a 2-to-1 multiplexer, or 2×1, is used to select one signal from two inputs and send it to the output.

The output of the 2×1 Mux will depend on the selection line S,
-When S is 0(low), the D0 is selected.
-When S is 1(High), D1 is selected.

The equation is,

Y = S̅.D0 + S.D1

4:1 Mux

The 4-to-1 multiplexer is another name for the 4x1 multiplexer. It is a multiplexer with one output and four inputs. I show you how it works in ladder diagram to obtain binary output according to Sanfoundry's PLC ladder diagram.

We can use 2:1 Mux with NOT gate, AND gate, OR gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, EX-OR gate and EX-NOR gate. So how do we use this multiplexer in Factory or Industrial Automation??

We can use it in

-Data Routing
-Data Selection
-Analog to Digital Conversion ( I put some circuit diagram and truth table of photos)
-Address Decoding and
-Logic Function Implemention

Reference: Sanfoundry, Geeksforgeeks, Sciencedirect.

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